Using bibliometric analysis, this paper provides an overview of pronoun research from 2012 to 2022. It collected and analyzed 2,774 articles on pronouns from Web of Science (WoS) categories related... Show More

Using bibliometric analysis, this paper provides an overview of pronoun research from 2012 to 2022. It collected and analyzed 2,774 articles on pronouns from Web of Science (WoS) categories related to linguistics or language using CiteSpace, a citation analysis tool. This paper examined the intellectual framework and patterns of pronoun research through co-citation analysis and identified the most productive journals, influential articles, intellectual base, and trending topics in pronoun studies. The main intellectual base includes anaphora resolution, referring expression, grammatical category, eye movement, subject expression, and thematic analysis. Trending topics comprise studies on English pronouns, acquisition of pronouns, and information cues such as syntax and discourse that affect the comprehension of pronouns. The results reveal the complexity and diversity of pronoun processing. This research contributes to the ongoing discussion and debate on pronoun studies, helps researchers understand the state of pronoun research, and offers suggestions for relevant future research.

Second language education has arrived at a phase of proposing effective uses of neural machine translation (NMT). Previous research has explored various aspects of post-editing and suggested that it... Show More

Second language education has arrived at a phase of proposing effective uses of neural machine translation (NMT). Previous research has explored various aspects of post-editing and suggested that it is crucial to manually edit NMT output to produce better target language (TL) texts. The purpose of this study was to identify NMT errors in output text, so that Japanese TL (English) learners can recognize what to be aware of. The study targeted the NMT output from Japanese-written academic reports, pre-edited by 73 Japanese students with intermediate TL proficiency. The data was analysed and primarily lexical and grammatical issues were detected and systematically classified. Results showed that the use of inappropriate TL vocabulary was the most frequent error, followed by misuse or lack of determiners. Some could be avoided in a pre-editing phase by carefully choosing precise source-language (SL) vocabulary or reducing SL ambiguity, while others required a deeper understanding of TL syntactic rules or the nuance of TL vocabulary. TL Learners need to raise their awareness of these NMT errors for effective post-editing.