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What is Bioinformatics

Handbook of Research on ICTs and Management Systems for Improving Efficiency in Healthcare and Social Care
The application of computer technology to the management and analysis of biological data.
Published in Chapter:
ICT Applications and Solutions in Healthcare: Present and Perspectives
Iulian Furdu (“Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, Romania) and Bogdan Patrut (“Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, Romania)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3990-4.ch029
Abstract
This chapter describes and discusses the applications and solutions under development or implemented in the e-Health care systems, in terms of their technological, social, organizational dimensions. A survey of the present status in relation with e-Government covers the leading countries (and not only) in ICT-based developments in these sectors. The authors present the most important solutions regarding the implementation and administration of a wide range of applications. Certain issues concerning EHR (Electronic Healthcare Record Systems), pharmacy and electronic prescription systems, patient administration and financial systems, intensive care unit systems, laboratory information systems, homecare and telecare applications, radiology information systems, and bioinformatics are outlined. Up and running ICT projects according to European Commission policies for health, ageing well, inclusion, and governance (FP7) are also presented.
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ICT Applications and Solutions in Healthcare: Present and Perspectives
The application of computer technology to the management and analysis of biological data.
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Image Partitioning on Spiral Architecture
Bioinformatics is the application of information technology to the field of molecular biology. Bioinformatics entails the creation and advancement of databases, algorithms, computational and statistical techniques, and theory to solve formal and practical problems arising from the management and analysis of biological data.
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Building Gene Networks by Analyzing Gene Expression Profiles
Bioinformatics is a scientific discipline devoted to the solution of biological problems at the molecular level with computer methods. It is an attempt to describe, in numerical and statistical terms, biological phenomena with a set of analytical and numerical tools. In addition to information technology, bioinformatics uses applied mathematics, statistics, chemistry, biochemistry and concepts of artificial intelligence. Bioinformatics mainly deals with providing valid statistical models for the interpretation of data from experiments in molecular biology and biochemistry in order to identify trends and numerical laws; generate new models and mathematical tools for the analysis of sequences of DNA, RNA and proteins in order to create a body of knowledge concerning the frequency of relevant sequences, their evolution and possible function; and organize the knowledge acquired at the global level of genome and proteome databases in order to make such data accessible to all, and to optimize the data search algorithms to improve accessibility.
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Data Stewards, Curators, and Experts: Library Data Engagement at Samuel J. Wood Library at Weil Cornell Medicine
The scientific field concerned with computational and statistical analysis of molecular biological systems, particularly as it pertains to the relationships between DNA, RNA and protein.
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Bio-Inspired Algorithms in Bioinformatics II
The use of applied mathematics, informatics, statistics, and computer science to study biological systems.
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Applying CI in Biology through PSO
Bio-informatics can be described as the application of computational methods to make biological discoveries and explorations.
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The Role of Big Data Analytics in Drug Discovery and Vaccine Development Against COVID-19
An interdisciplinary field of biology and computer science to perform data acquisition, storage, and analysis on biological data.
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Prototype Based Classification in Bioinformatics
Generic term of a research field as well as a set of methods used in computational biology or medicine to analyse multiple kinds of biological or clinical data. It combines the disciplines of computer science, artificial intelligence, applied mathematics, statistics, biology, chemistry and engineering in the field of biology and medicine. Typical research subjects are problem adequate data pre-processing of measured biological sample information (e.g. data cleaning, alignments, feature extraction), supervised and unsupervised data analysis (e.g. classification models, visualization, clustering, biomarker discovery) and multiple kinds of modelling (e.g. protein structure prediction, analysis of expression of gene, proteins, gene/protein regulation networks/interactions) for one or multidimensional data including time series. Thereby the most common problem is the high dimensionality of the data and the small number of samples which in general make standard approach (e.g. classical statistic) inapplicable.
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A Framework for Semantic Grid in E-Science
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Insulin DNA Sequence Classification Using Levy Flight Bat With Back Propagation Algorithm
The field of bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field in which different fields like computer science, biology, math’s are combined and used for the analysis and processing of the biological sequences like DNA, RNA, protein, etc.
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Text Mining in Bioinformatics: Research and Application
A highly interdisciplinary research area that emerged many domains such as biology, computer science, medicine, artificial intelligence applied mathematics, statistics.
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Introduction to AI in Biomedical and Biotechnology
In order to analyze and interpret biological data, especially at the molecular level, bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that brings together computer science, statistics, mathematics, and biology. It entails the creation and use of software tools, algorithms, and computational techniques to comprehend biological processes, evaluate enormous datasets, and generate insightful predictions.
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Clinical and Biomolecular Ontologies for E-Health
A join branch of biology and informatics concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. It comprehends all computational methods and theories applicable to molecular biology and the computer-based techniques for solving biological problems, including manipulation of models and datasets.
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Biotechnology: Recent Developments, Emerging Trends, and Implications for Business
An interdisciplinary field that addresses biological problems using computational techniques to understand biological data.
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Indexing Textual Information
A scientific field that stands at the crossroads of Biology and Informatics, and uses techniques from informatics, computer science, applied mathematics, and statistics to solve biological problems. A synonym term is computational biology, but whereas computational biology deals mainly with the scientific filled bioinformatics is usually used to indicate the infrastructure part.
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Librarians and Bioinformatics Communities Working Together to Advance Research and Instruction
A discipline concerned with the acquisition, storage, analysis, and dissemination of biological data. It is also represented as the interaction between several disciplines such as statistics, computer science, information technology, and biology.
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Organizational and Management Aspects of Cloud Computing Application in Scientific Research
Intersection of biology and information science, aimed at collection and analysis of complex and large sets of biology related data.
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Data Mining
An integration of mathematical, statistical, and computational methods to organize and analyze biological data.
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ALBA Cooperative Environment for Scientific Experiments
The application of the ICT tools to advanced biological problems, like transcriptomics and proteomic, involving huge amounts of data.
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Crow-ENN: An Optimized Elman Neural Network with Crow Search Algorithm for Leukemia DNA Sequence Classification
Bioinformatics is a field of science, which uses statistics, mathematics and computer science in molecular biology for storing, analyzing and retrieving biological data.
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Indexing and Compressing Text
A scientific field that stands at the crossroads of Biology and Informatics, and uses techniques from informatics, computer science, applied mathematics, and statistics to solve biological problems. A synonym term is Computational Biology, but whereas Computational Biology deals mainly with the scientific filed Bioinformatics is usually used to indicate the infrastructure part.
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Meet Industry Needs in the Big Data Era: Data Science Curricula Development
The application of data science technologies in molecular biology, genetics, systems biology, and structural biology. The main objective of bioinformatics is to establish the correlation between genetic information and the behaviors and properties of organisms. The study in this field can facilitate the development of new drugs, gene alteration, organic farming, and synthetic meat.
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Semantic Web Platforms for Bioinformatics and Life Sciences
Interdisciplinary field that applies computer science to biological problems.
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Current Environmental Health Challenges: Part I - Exposures and Research Trends
Bioinformatics uses computation to understand, organize, analyze, and interpret biological data.
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Clustering Techniques for Revealing Gene Expression Patterns
A scientific discipline devoted to the solution of biological problems at the molecular level with computer methods. It is an attempt to describe, in numerical and statistical terms, biological phenomena with a set of analytical and numerical tools. In addition to information technology, bioinformatics uses applied mathematics, statistics, chemistry, biochemistry and concepts of artificial intelligence. Bioinformatics mainly deals with: (1) Providing valid statistical models for the interpretation of data from experiments in molecular biology and biochemistry in order to identify trends and numerical laws; (2) Generate new models and mathematical tools for the analysis of sequences of DNA, RNA and proteins in order to create a body of knowledge concerning the frequency of relevant sequences, their evolution and possible function; (3) Organize the knowledge acquired at the global level of genome and proteome databases in order to make such data accessible to all, and to optimize the data search algorithms to improve accessibility.
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Microarray Information and Data Integration Using SAMIDI
Application of information science and technologies for the management of biological data and the use of computers to store, compare, retrieve, analyze or predict the composition of the structure of biomolecules.
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C-MICRA: A Tool for Clustering Microarray Data
A broad term used to describe the collection, organization, and analysis of biological data using computer technology and information science. Some bioinformatics activities include the modeling of protein structure and creation of extensive electronic databases on genes, genomes, and protein sequences.
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