An Outlook About the Application of Digital Storytelling in Higher Education

An Outlook About the Application of Digital Storytelling in Higher Education

Luisa Margarida Cagica Carvalho, Adriana Backx Noronha
Copyright: © 2020 |Pages: 14
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2124-3.ch003
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Abstract

Digitalization is more than a trend. It is a reality that influences firms, citizens, and organizations in general. Concerning education, digitalization becomes a key issue. Students try to use technology as a facilitator for learning. Digital tools are largely appreciated by new generations, particularly the millenniums. Telling stories is an ancient practice that shares information, values, and history between generations of families around the world. Digital storytelling (DIST) could be recognized as the use of digital tools according to a specific methodology to share stories and use this ancestral practice for learning in a context of network apprenticeship. This chapter presents a literature review about both storytelling and digital storytelling learning tools in Higher Education. The chapter also discusses the application of this digital tool in entrepreneurial education.
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Digital Storytelling (Dist)

Storytelling is the art of telling stories, and consequently is a concept with three elements: narrator, story and audience. This technique organizes events in a logical manner, properly structured and appealing, being the oldest way of transmitting knowledge through generations. The stories told clearly influenced the values and behaviours of individuals.

The storyteller is an ancestral figure who has helped people comprehend better the world. No one can say for sure when it was told the first story. Nevertheless, the scientific community agrees (Boyd, 2010; Campbell, 1991; Duarte, 2010) to point out the pre-history as the period in which this technique was first used to communicate and share knowledge.

Through the “old” people told stories, however the way to do it experienced some evolution. It started with cave paintings, then switched to oral histories, later on books were used and more recently emerged electronic resources. In fact, the advance of technology allowed audio-visual elements like sounds, images and videos to be digitally embedded in storytelling, thus giving rise to the concept Digital Storytelling (Carvalho & Cibrão, 2016, 2017). Storytelling associated words with digital tools to create and share a relevant and memorable message, with a content more persuasive than invasive. The following table shows some Digital Storytelling definitions.

Table 1.
Digital Storytelling definitions
AuthorDefinition
Mellon (1999) “(…) application of multimedia software techniques to the telling of stories.”
Digital Storytelling Association (2002)“Digital Storytelling is the modern expression of the ancient art of storytelling (…) using digital media to create media-rich stories to tell, to share, and to preserve. Digital stories derive their power through weaving images, music, narrative, and voice together, thereby giving deep dimension and vivid color to characters, situations, and insights.”
Meadows (2003) “(…) short, personal multimedia tales told from the heart.”
Armstrong (2003) “(…) telling stories and sharing information through multimedia.”
Porter (2005) “Digital storytelling takes the ancient art of oral storytelling and engages a palette of technical tools to weave personal tales using images, graphics, music and sound mixed together with the author’s own story voice.”
Robin (2006) “(…) combining the art of telling stories with a variety of digital multimedia, such as images, audio, and video.”
Lambert (2009, 2013)“... refers to a 2 to 5 minute audio-visual clip combining photographs, voice-over narration, and other audio2

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