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Top1. Introduction
Now-a-days cell phones are considered as the most pleasant asset for all human being from kids to old age has. It has become the basic need of today for which the growth of mobile industry in India has been increased enormously in an uncontrolled rate during the last decade. After the occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic, it became an essential tool for education. But unfortunately, the main sources of EMF radiations are cell phones and mobile towers. EMFs are categorized into two groups by their frequency: non-ionizing with low-level radiation mostly without biological harm and ionizing with high-level radiation causing cellular and DNA damage.
In the present contest of COVID-19 pandemic forced many countries to shut down their economic activities, education and sports to reduce the spread of the virus. It changed the whole world into online activities like online office, online classes of schools, colleges and couching for children, online conferences, webinars, interviews, official meetings, etc. to maintain social distancing. According to estimates many new 5G base stations on Earth and 20,000 new satellites in space, 200 billion transmitting objects would be introduced for improving the Internet in 2020, which may be increased to trillions in future. By all these up gradations with extremely high frequencies no living being on Earth will be able to avoid exposure, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, there will be tens to hundreds of times greater exposure than what exists today, without any possibility of escape anywhere on the planet. These 5G plans will generate serious, irreversible hazards to the living being and the ecosystem. Mainly, the safety limits are set well below harm causing levels (Karaboytcheva, 2020).
Though mobile phones have numerous utilities and benefits in attending the classes, getting course and college updates through various applications, it has its drawbacks as every technology has some positive as well as negative impacts. Due to random and excessive use of mobile phones and mushrooming around of giant mobile towers, health risks associated with cell phones and mobile towers have become a growing concern. According to WHO, mobile phones may increase the risk of brain and spine tumors, cancer cases, downs the immunity, headaches, sleep disturbances, fatigue, lack of concentration, memory loss, vision distortion, joint pains, heart problems, miscarriage and so on in last 5 to 10 years. Many people are unaware of the harmful effects of the cell phone radiation and its prevention measures when their cell phones are in standby mode. Various epidemiological and experimental studies have been carried out and observed the biological adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation and observed an increase in short-term and long-term diseases (Bortkiewicz, 2019; Vijay et al., 2017; Prakash et al., 2016).
Usage of mobile in studies has their own benefits but the drawbacks cannot be overlooked. Due to the COVID-19, almost all the academic institutions adopted the online mode for classes and now the negative impacts on health come in the picture. The studies show that most students are feeling the strain, for many strains begin with the eyes. Due to continued usage of mobile and internet students are feeling more anxiety and stress that can lower immunity.
Taking all the above-mentioned points into consideration, the present study has been planned and carried out to achieve at the definite goal and desired outcome. The study was focused on the major harmful effects due to the exposure to EMF radiation and application of Artificial Intelligence for their management. The study was then progressed towards the raised harm due to increased use of internet and mobile phones in COVID-19 pandemic in education system by the help of meta-analysis and finding out the means to overcome their detrimental effects.