Knowledge application includes the absorption of knowledge generated in the acquisition and exchange phases so that it can be used to improve organisational processes and practices as a result of what was learned in the two previous phases. According to Al Ahbabi et al. (2019), knowledge application is the process of using knowledge for a purpose, for decision-making or policy-making. As pointed out by Nesheim et al. (2011), it does not seem enough to share or disseminate knowledge; it is all about using the methods, practices and techniques to change the behaviour of people and organisations.
Knowledge also is applied when decisions are made based on the knowledge generated and transmitted and the starting situations are improved. In the field of education, the application of knowledge is related to the improvement of learning environments and practices resulting from the generation of knowledge (Chen and Huang, 2011).