Grey Wolf Optimization to Solve Load Frequency Control of an Interconnected Power System: GWO Used to Solve LFC Problem

1. Introduction

The main idea behind the power system operation and control is to maintained balance between the total powers generation and total load demand plus losses accompanying to the system under normal and disturbed conditions. Load frequency control (LFC) of an interconnected power system network places an attention’s towards balancing between generations and demands such that system frequency and tie-line exchange power can be upheld to their predefined levels. Literature review reveals that the work on load frequency control (LFC) was proposed by Chon, 1957. However, the concept of optimal control theory in LFC area is established by Elgerd and Fosha (1970). Thereafter, many types of research have been performed in LFC area to improve the existing results. An extensive literature survey on LFC problem for conventional and distributed generation is available in Ibraheem, Kumar, and Kothari (2005). Saikia, Nanda, and Mishra (2011) presented a comparative analysis between several classical controllers in the area of LFC and established the superiority of designed controller. The effectiveness of double-stage reheat turbine and electrical governor in an interconnected hydro-thermal system over single stage turbine and the mechanical governor is elaborated in Nanda, Mangla, Suri (2006). Authors also gave a clear idea for the selection of speed regulation parameter and sampling time period for the said system. Gozde and Taplamacioglu (2011) proposed proportional- integral (PI) controller for two-area automatic generation control (AGC) system with governor dead-band (GDB) nonlinearity. Recently, a number of researchers like Roy, Bhatt, and Ghoshal (2010), Guha, Roy, and Banerjee (2015), Mohanty, Panda, and Hota (2014) proposed proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller in lieu of PI-controller for further expansion of existing results.