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Intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) have had a wide impact on people’s life in the past years. With the rapid development of computer vision and pattern recognition, more and more vision-based technologies are applied in TTSs for traffic control and management. Automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) plays an important role in ITSs for numerous applicators, such as road traffic monitoring, electronic payment systems and traffic law enforcement (COMINOS, 2012; Hassanien, 2004a).
Although the ALPR has a long research history, it is still a challenging task in complex traffic scenes because many factors affect the final recognition result, such as uneven lighting conditions, partial blurry license plate characters, etc. ALPR algorithms are generally composed of two major steps: license plate detection and character recognition. Initial treatment (surgery to remove the tumor and any lymph nodes to which the cancer may have spread) is usually complemented by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or hormonal therapy to reduce the risk of cancer recurring in the future (Chau, 2003; Panneer, 2016; Hamidi, 2016).
The health care team will make every effort to remove all traces of a breast tumor during surgery. Many patients may never have a recurrence, but breast cancer may still recur in some patients. A recurrence can happen months or years after the original diagnosis and treatment. For example, even though a breast cancer tumor may appear small and localized, it may be aggressive and may have spread beyond the breast; this spread cannot always be detected by current methods (Hassanien, 2004b). This aggressiveness, as well as other factors, can lead to breast cancer recurrence. What's the worst is that a diagnosis of recurrent cancer is more devastating or psychologically difficult for a woman than her initial breast cancer diagnosis.
So, a physician must analyze data relating to the recurrence of breast cancer among patients according to medical factors. Generally, the purpose of all the related researches is identically to predict a cancer recurrence and at the same time, for the needs of improving the prediction accuracy in breast cancer recurrence. More and more researchers have tried to apply artificial intelligence related approaches for breast cancer prediction. The task here was to ascertain whether individuals suffered a recurrence of breast cancer based on nine medical variables.