Design of Nano-scale Electrodes and Development of Avatar-Based Control System for Energy-Efficient Power Engineering: Application of an Internet of Things and People (IOTAP) Research Center

Background

Metal film capacitors are widely used in modern technology: from household electrical appliances to high-voltage pulse systems. The wide distribution of capacitors of this type is due to the high specific energy and high reliability. The high reliability of these capacitors gives them ability to heal themselves – this is a restoration of their performance after a dielectric breakdown. At this time, work is at the stage of increasing the specific energy and it is possible due to the use of new dielectric materials with a large relative dielectric constant and by improving of electrode systems to increase operating electric field’s strength. Currently the research is on a stage of creation of a new hybrid polymer films (consisting of two or more). These films are obtained by hot pressing technology, followed by a broach. The advantage of this technology is that during production, ready-made original polymer films with high electrical strength and rather low dielectric losses are used. Such polymer films today can increase the specific energy of the IPC in 2 - 2.5 times.

Another promising direction in the creation of new materials is production of composite materials based on polymer matrix and inorganic filler. As a matrix, it is possible to use traditional polymers for capacitor films: polypropylene and others. There are various types of inorganic dielectrics in the role of filler, it also includes ferroelectric ceramics. Scientists working in this direction predict growth in the specific energy of capacitors based on such materials by 10 or more times. However, a high dielectric constant value does not guarantee a great potential for the use of these composite materials. There is no data in the literature on the electrical strength and dielectric spectroscopy for recently created composite materials. Such materials may be completely inapplicable in capacitor technology.