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Top1. Introduction
As a pioneer in the development of big data, the United States attaches great importance to the openness and sharing of big data in health care (Manser, 2009). The United States has a complete medical and health database, and has built 12 regional electronic medical record data centers, 9 medical knowledge centers and 8 medical imaging and biological information data centers covering the mainland. In 2014, the federal government responsible for informatization planning of the national office for the coordination of health information technology (ONC) issued “the federal government, medical informatization strategic plan 2015-2020, has been clear about the realization of the goal of health data sharing, put forward to enhance the medical service ability, improve the level of the public and community health, to promote research and innovation target three applications such as medical knowledge (Hassan, 2018).
In UK, the National Health Service (NHS) has huge and complete medical data, including patient health records, disease data, etc., and the UK has 210 years of national census health records, which can be used to create more value for the public health service, medical research and so on (Dixon-Woods et al., 2014). Currently, data.gov.uk is open to sharing details of NSH organizations such as NHS supported organizations and the general practitioner clinical practice alliance (CCG). As of April 2018, there are 17 data sets in total. These data are of great value for further study of the health service system in the UK.
The rapid development of electronic technology and Internet world wide, the acceleration of industrialization, the integration of urban and rural areas, the arrival of aging society, the change of disease spectrum and the change of living environment have posed new challenges to the health of residents and severe tests to the national medical security system (Ani & Ahiauzu, 2008). Difficulty and high cost of the people “see a doctor” problem is still not completely solved, investigate its reason, due to unbalanced supply and demand of health resources, distribution and utilization of unreasonable, 80% of high quality medical resources in China at present stage concentration distribution in the cities, and 80% of the demand for medical services have object is in the villages and towns and rural areas (Lipton, 1980). Although many hospitals in China have begun to use information to manage medical information at present, but the hospital information system is isolated, between patients treated with drug information is often stored in a certain hospital, if patients before treatment information unavailable, patients need to accept physical examination again, this leads to a doctor problems such as wasting resources cost, diagnosis and treatment. Regional health medical concept, is the United States and in other European and American countries (Starfield, 1998) have references, successively carried out different levels of information construction work, the objective is to establish a system or service platform, residents through the platform can convenient query their state of health, the hospital can share the patient's medical information, inspection information, etc. Through the sharing of resident health information and medical diagnosis information, the sharing of medical information and the cooperation of business can be finally realized, so as to achieve the grand goal of maximizing the utilization of medical resources (Barclay, Todd, Finlay, Grande, & Wyatt, 2002).